Dr. Saad Al-Bazei explained that philosophy is a human phenomenon that searches for certainty and shares with natural science to reach reliable knowledge that can be relied upon. It is not located within the physical natural world capable of analysis and detection from close range.

This came during the seminar organized by the Unified Arab Index of the King Abdulaziz Public Library entitled: "Learning Philosophy", in which Dr. Saad Al-Bazei, part-time professor of English literature and comparative literature at King Saud University, spoke and was moderated by the Director of the Unified Arab Index Center Dr. Saleh Al-Musnad, who introduced the lecturer to the audience. Dr. Saad Al-Bazei reviewed definitions of philosophy in scientific research, and the broad meaning of philosophy in different human cultures and civilizations. The seminar themes included the definition of philosophy, its importance, philosophizing, the meaning of teaching philosophy, its history, philosophical trends, systems, ideas and critical thinking in this field. The lecturer stressed that philosophy is a human phenomenon and a way of life in many cultures, reviewing the concepts of philosophy among the peoples of the world. Dr. Al-Bazei wondered: Is learning philosophy a way of thinking, and for people to learn how to philosophize ideas and life? He added in answer: What can be taught is how to benefit from it, and how to teach philosophy as a philosophical field that can be transferred to students so they know what is meant by philosophy. Al-Bazei believed that philosophy themes are difficult to cover in one or two talks due to their magnitude and breadth of the subject, and what we can do is talk briefly about it. Al-Bazei believed that the most important question is: about what philosophy is? He said: There are many answers from philosophers and history of philosophy books, among the definitions mentioned by Bertrand Russell, the English philosopher, he starts by indicating that philosophy lies between two main fields: the first is: theology, and the second is science and applied research. Theology is a field for research in metaphysics while sciences research in physical things and in certainty and what can be confirmed by testing and examination from close range. Al-Bazei added: It is not a science but it is interested in metaphysics and abstract beyond-physical ideas, and it is not located within the physical natural world capable of analysis and detection from close range. If philosophy searches for certainty, it shares with natural science to reach reliable knowledge that can be relied upon. There is another definition in the history of philosophy book by the Spanish Marias says: Philosophy has two parts: the first is concerned with knowledge, and the second is a lifestyle. If we back to Greek philosophy, we find that philosophers looked at it as a lifestyle like (Socrates) who accepted death without giving up his philosophical beliefs and that philosophy is part of his vision of the world. Al-Bazei explained that there is a famous definition by the German philosopher: Heidegger in his book: (What is Philosophy?) we see him seeking to return philosophy to its original Greek meaning, which is the literal meaning in the Greek language: love of wisdom. Philosophy from these angles is a cognitive inquiry and a way of life, and the two main inquiries that we find in philosophical writings and books that teach philosophy are that it is divided into: Epistemology (science of knowledge) and the second is Ontology (or the science of phenomena occurring outside the self) in extreme simplification, it is knowledge of the self, and knowledge of what is outside the self. Immanuel Kant wrote in (Critique of Pure Reason) as he clarifies that knowledge occurs as a result of the existence of an inherent capacity in the mind and information coming from outside the self, but self-knowledge also comes from within the self. Al-Bazei spoke about the history of philosophy and its trends, and saw that there are cultures that oppose philosophy, and the famous model of Socrates is the clearest of models. There are many models in the history of philosophy like (Spinoza) who was expelled from the Jewish synague once and for all and entered Christianity. There are many models like (Ibn Rushd) who put forward his ideas and was accused of being outside of correct thinking although that was never proven. Al-Bazei also spoke about the criticism of philosophy, and there is criticism directed at philosophy itself that was directed by philosophers to others. Philosophy encourages the questioning of concepts and questioning of the ideas it adopts and this is the reason that led to the emergence of various modern philosophies since (Descartes) and there are: existentialism, phenomenology, romanticism and the philosophy of history at (Hegel) and each has a specific system of concepts. There are philosophical texts that create concepts and shake philosophical constants as with (Nietzsche) without creating an integrated methodological awareness. Al-Bazei touched upon a group of names of philosophers who developed philosophy and provided different concepts like the French (Jacques Derrida) and his project is based on undermining philosophy through the deconstruction method, as well as (Michel Foucault) and among the most important philosophers as well (Edmund Husserl) philosopher of phenomenology, and this diversity gave philosophy a conceptual presence embodied in the development of global science and thought.