Palm trees and their oases form a vast landscape across the Kingdom, representing a deep historical cultural legacy. The date palm is held in such high regard that it is a key part of the emblem of Saudi Arabia. In 2019, date palms were listed in the UNESCO Intangible World Heritage under the title: "Date Palm: Knowledge, Skills, Traditions and Practices."

The Al-Ahsa Oasis is considered a treasure of archaeological landmarks in the east of the Kingdom and was registered in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2018. It is the largest palm oasis in the world, covering an area of more than 85 square kilometers. King Abdulaziz Public Library published an illustrated book documenting the date palm types in the Kingdom, noting that there are over 400 varieties and between 18-23 million trees.

Palm cultivation is distributed across three main groups: the eastern oases in Al-Ahsa and Qatif; the northern and central group spanning from Al-Jouf to Riyadh; and the western/southwestern group including Madinah and Najran. Types include Khalas, Barhi, Ajwa, and others.