An autobiography is the story of a life, while a memoir is a story *from* a life... The 20 best autobiographies written by poets, writers, artists, leaders, and scientists.
Autobiography constitutes a significant literary genre within the realm of creative writing. It serves as a vessel for the experiences of scholars, writers, artists, intellectuals, physicians, engineers, or prominent figures across various walks of life. Through this medium, the author aims to share their experiences with readers, offering insight into the different stages of their life—how they learned and how they evolved into a well-known public figure. Autobiographical writing falls into two categories: works penned by the subjects themselves—revealing intimate or previously hidden aspects of their lives—and biographies written by others about a specific individual. Furthermore, a distinction exists between an autobiography and a memoir; the fundamental difference is that an autobiography is the story of a life, whereas a memoir is a story *from* a life. In other words, memoirs focus on a specific period or theme, while an autobiography spans the individual's entire life, typically narrated in chronological order—though even an autobiography cannot encompass a truly complete life, as the author is still living it. Sometimes, a series of memoirs is subsequently compiled and classified as an autobiography. The website https://www.rd.com/list/best-autobiographies/ has highlighted the world's top 20 autobiographies—according to its own assessment—spanning the period from the early 20th century to the early third millennium. The list features a diverse array of figures from the fields of science, culture, literature, politics, and the arts. The site's editor states: "In this list, we tried to focus strictly on autobiographies, while setting aside books labeled 'memoir' on the cover—though we did want to include some of the greatest books of all time." The editor adds: "We looked beyond just contemporary bestsellers to include groundbreaking autobiographies, books that have stood the test of time, and works containing lessons relevant to today's readers." The twenty autobiographies selected by the site are by: Maya Angelou, Benjamin Franklin, Frederick Douglass, Anne Frank, Nelson Mandela, Grace Lee Boggs, Andrew Genêt, Michelle Obama, Malala Yousafzai, Paramahansa Yogananda, Agatha Christie, Malcolm X, Bob Dylan, Luis Javier Rodríguez, Mark Twain, Jamison Green, Johnny Cash, Janet Mock, Cecilia Aragon, and Simone Biles. Here, we highlight some key features of the most prominent autobiographies included in the list. Among them is Maya Angelou’s *I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings* (published in 2004 as part of her collected autobiographies), which is considered one of the most famous and highly recommended memoirs, as well as one of the best books for women. It focuses on the author's childhood; through the magnificent and distinctive voice for which Angelou is renowned, readers can trace her life story—spanning the early stages of her writing career—across works such as *Gather Together in My Name*, *Singin' and Swingin' and Gettin' Merry Like Christmas*, and *All God's Children Need Traveling Shoes*. Benjamin Franklin wrote his autobiography between 1771 and 1790, and it was published in the early 20th century (1909); the work details the Founding Father's early life and his unique journey into adulthood. One of the book's most notable sections describes Franklin's attempts to achieve "moral perfection" by cultivating thirteen virtues, including temperance, silence, and order. Although written over two centuries ago, Franklin's suggestions for self-improvement remain as relevant and essential to humanity today as ever. Nelson Mandela wrote his autobiography, *Long Walk to Freedom*, in 1994; having been imprisoned for 28 years, he was released in 1990 to become the country's first Black president. This autobiography chronicles Mandela's remarkable life, from his childhood and upbringing in Mvezo, South Africa, to his formal education and training as a lawyer. It also recounts his time in prison and his unprecedented rise to the presidency, reinforcing Mandela’s status as one of the most prominent leaders of our time. Grace Lee Boggs lived to be 100; in her 1998 autobiography, titled *Living for Change*, she details her evolution as an intellectual and activist, describing her work alongside leaders such as Malcolm X and C.L.R. James, as well as her husband. Michelle Obama’s 2018 memoir, *Becoming*, is divided into three parts—"Becoming Me," "Becoming Us," and "Becoming More"—taking readers through her childhood in Chicago, the early days of her relationship with Barack, and their time in the White House. Readers gain unprecedented insight into the turmoil and tension accompanying such heavy responsibility, and see how only a strong, humorous woman like Michelle Obama could navigate it with such vision. Paramahansa Yogananda, a pioneer who helped introduce yoga to the world, published his autobiography—which also chronicles the history of the practice—in 1946; the book has sold over four million copies to date. It reveals that the author was born in 1893 and is widely credited with popularizing yoga in the United States. His autobiography serves as both his life story and a guide for readers on how to cultivate their inner lives. The renowned author Agatha Christie wrote her autobiography, which was published in 1997. In a review of the work, the editor notes: If you are a fan of mysteries, you have likely read a book by Agatha Christie—perhaps even dozens of them, given the prolific output of this crime novelist. Yet, even if you have never opened one of her novels or short story collections, you will still enjoy this autobiography, published posthumously. Christie’s voice remains as sharp and intelligent as ever in this detailed account of her life up to the age of 75. Samuel Langhorne Clemens—better known as Mark Twain—was a master of the written word. Naturally, Twain was renowned for great American novels such as *The Adventures of Tom Sawyer*.


